INDONESIA

Indonesia has 45,347 megawatts (MW) of operating coal power, passing South Africa in 2023 to be the fifth highest globally. The country’s 14,499 MW of coal capacity under construction exceeds all other countries except China and India. Proposed new coal mining capacity in Southeast Asia continues to be dominated by Indonesia. In 2021, Indonesia said it would stop building new coal-fired power plants after 2023 to meet its carbon-neutral goals. The country’s September 2022 Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution states that coal’s share of the power sector will decrease between 2025 and 2050. Indonesia’s net-zero commitments by both its Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource (MEMR) and its state owned utility, PLN, are an indication of change in a country where preferential permitting of coal in the last decade has led to an over-construction of baseload power, a debt-ridden national utility (PLN), and an extremely carbon-intensive economy. At the same time, new coal-reliant industrial parks being developed with Chinese support run particularly counter to China and Indonesia’s ambitious pledges.